Harry's guest this week, Carlos Ciller, started a company called RetinAI whose mission is to help eye doctors, eye surgeons, and scientists studying the eye manage and analyze the data from new kinds of eye imaging, including optical coherence tomography (OCT), fundus photography, and fluorescent angiography. At one level, RetinAI is just doing its part to cure a huge headache the show has revisited many times: the lack of standards and interoperability in the healthcare IT world. They want to make it possible to store and analyze digital images of the eye no matter what technology or device was used to capture it. But once that data is stored in a structured way, it’s possible to use machine learning and other forms of artificial intelligence to sort through image data and identify pathologies or double-check the judgments of human physicians. So RetinAI is developing algorithms that could make it easier to diagnose and treat common conditions like age-related macular degeneration—a form of damage to the retina that causes vision loss in almost 200 million people around the world. Ciller told me he started out his career as a telecom engineer and never thought he’d wind up running a 40-person company that works to help people with vision problems. But at a time when there’s so much new data available to diagnose disease rand identify the best treatments, journey’s like his—from the computer lab to the clinic—are becoming more and more common.